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Jumat, 06 Desember 2013

Cara Memilih Bibit Jamur Champignon

Bibit champignon berkualitas sulitdidapat di indonesia. Sebab, sentra penanaman terutama yang diusahakan skala kecil sangat jaran. Dampaknya, calon pekebun hanya mendapat bibit berkualitas rendah. Dalam pertumbuhannya hama dan penyakit ganas bakal menghadang. Oleh karena itu pekebun jamur kancing perlu mengenal sifat dan karakteristik bibit bermutu.

Pertama, pahami morfologis bibit. Yang sehat terlihat putih terang agak cokelat. Warna champignon mempengaruhi selera konsumen. Bibit belum mekar, kulit kencang. Diameter bibit yang baik 22-42 mm. Jika rata-rata produksi per m2 kurang dari 7-9 kg/m2, menandakan ada kesalahan perlakuan.

Harus Telaten

Perhatikan pula parameter lain seperti suhu kompos, kebasahan, kelembapan ruangan, CO2, rasio C/N untuk bibit, Suhu kompos ideal 25-32%C. Jika suhu kompos tidak sesuai miselium gagal tumbuh, bahkan mati. Sesuaikan bibit dengan ketinggian lahan karena jenis bibit bermacam-macam. Ada yang cocok untuk datran tinggi atau rendah. Pilih bibit jamur champignon atau kancing yang resisten serangan hama dan penyakit.

Selain itu, tanyakan bibit yang akan kita beli dari si penjual, yang ditanyakan antara lain asal bibit, suhu, persentase pengguanaan kompos, dan usia yang sesuai untuk ditanam. Penyedia bibit yang profesional memiliki informasi lengkap mengenai bibit yang dijual. Itu penting untuk memudahkan proses selanjutnya.

Dengan bibit yang bermutu diharapkan kecepatan tumbuh miselium menembus casing seragam. Penyebaran bibit di kompos juga perlu diketahui para pemula. Umumnya pekebun memanfaatkan biji-bijian seperti sorgum atau gandum sebagai nutrisi bibit. Ada juga yang menggunakan jagung atau batang kayu yang dipotong kecil-kecil. Bibit jamur dikemas dalam botol atau kantung plastik ukuran 300-350 g.

Higenis (Menjaga kebersihan lingkungan sekitar)

Keluarkan bibit dengan cara menggemburkan media, lalu congkel dengan bantuan spatula (sendok kecil). Jika bibit dalam plastik, sobek lalu campurkan ke media tanam. Setelah bibit digemburkan, letakan diatas kompos. Kemudian aduk dengan garpu hingga benar-benar merata. Untuk kapasitas produksi 7,5 ton diperlukan 200-250 botol bibit dengan waktu pengerjaan sekitar 2,5 jam oleh 5 orang.

Penebar benih hendaknya berpakain khusus dan tidak melakukan pekerjaan lain selama proses berlangsung. Untuk menjaga kebersihan alat penebar benih gunakan formalin, kaporit, atau karbol. Hindari penggunaan alat bekas pekerjaan lain karena mengundang hama dan penyakit. Lingkungan tempat penaburan benih harus disanitasi. sediakan bak kaki berisi campuran formalin dan air untuk membasuh alas kaki.

Penebaran bibit mesti merata agar pertumbuhan miselium optomal. Penebaran dimulai dari bagian tengah tumpukan kompos, atas, dan samping. Sebelumnya buat kubangan dan bolak-balik kompos dengan garpu. Menebar benih tampaknya mudah, tetapi jiga ceroh kompos terkontaminasi dan jamur gagal tumbuh.

Kamis, 05 Desember 2013

Cara Budidaya Jamur Kuping

TIPS ON HOW EAR MUSHROOM CULTIVATION

Mushroom or commonly referred to as "lember" by the people of Sunda could be some kind of fungus that grows in the rest of the remaining remnant vegetation or damp wood. Mushroom cultivation in Indonesia is rapidly increasing, mushroom cultivation that is now spread across several regions. This {can} as a result of the fungus may be a cosmopolitan fungus or can live anywhere, ranging from coastal forests to high mountains to the needs of a fairly humid. Ear Mushrooms referred to as a broad-leaved tubuhan like the human ear (ear), and additionally there are four known types, namely:

a. Auricularia auricula - Judae (fruiting body width and thickness)
b. Auricularia polytricha (small fruiting bodies and thick)
c. Auricularia cornea (such as Auricularia auricula)
d. Auricularia fuscosuccinea (such as Auricularia polytricha)

Some local names / local mushroom is often heard:

a. Indonesia: mushroom, supa lember (Sunda), ear lowo (Java), mouse ears, and others.

b. China / Taiwan / Vietnam: mouleh, Yung-ngo, Muk-ngo, Mu-er,-er Mo

c. Japan: Kikurage, Mokurage, Senji, Arage.

d. Hong Kong / Singapore: Mouleh, Jews ear-fungi

e. United States: Tree-ear, Jews ear-fungal, gelatinous fungi.

Fruit body color is generally black or dark brown but those that have a dark brown color. Most have high business value is the color of brown on the upper body and black fruit on the bottom body pieces, as well as the size of small fruiting bodies.

The life cycle of mushroom like oyster and shiitake mushrooms include: old fruiting bodies produce spores that are small, light and numerous. Furthermore, these spores fall on a line with the requirements like dead wood or material and in humid conditions, the spores will germinate to form mycelia with levels:

a. Primary grown steadily and expanded.

b. Secondary primordial form (thickening of mycelia on the surface of the secondary

mycelia diameter 0.1 cm).

c. From the primordial buds will grow and shape the body initial levels progressively

enlarged (3-5 days)

d. Of will grow a flared mushroom fruit body, and when parents will be harvested.

Mushroom consumption of mushrooms is one that possesses long when dried, then soaked with water in a relatively short time will return as the shape and size of the fresh. Mushroom has been used as a variety of dishes such as Vegetable, fried mushrooms, mushroom, sukiyaki, noodles and mushrooms with a delicious flavor and soft texture that feels fresh and dry.

Agribusiness fungus has bright prospects to be developed into agro-scale agro-industry because it does not use land that is not too large, the raw material for mushroom cultivation in the form of waste such as sawdust, rice bran, wood chips, a planting of the seed until very short, the selling price of mushrooms high, and high nutritional aspects of health and medicine. Besides safe for consumption, non cholesterol, and efficacious as a medicine and detoxification resulting from slime mushroom.

Mushroom Cultivation

Ear

Mushroom cultivation includes the step of the manufacturing process and production processes mushroom seeds. Mushroom cultivation can be done the logs with a particular treatment in order to grow well. The development of mushroom cultivation techniques using wood shavings or sawdust. This method is advantageous because farmers can add nutrients into the growing media so optimal fungal growth

After mushrooms to be cultivated, cultivation step begins with making mushroom seeds on the planting medium. The next phase is the maintenance of the fungus during cultivation, harvesting mushrooms, handling and marketing. For maximum results, each step must be done with including preparing the planting medium. For the planting medium can be used sawdust.

Benefits & Gynaecology Ear Mushrooms

In terms of gastronomic or organoleptic (taste, aroma and appearance), oyster mushrooms are less attractive when served as a food ingredient. But the mushroom is known to be close food has efficacy as a medicine and detoxification. Mushroom mucus produced during cooking can be a thickener. Mucus mushroom can disable or neutralize cholesterol. Mushroom can be distinguished by the shape, thickness, and color. mushroom fruit body shape has a small (often called mushroom rat) favored by consumers because younger, and it was in accordance with the taste. Mushroom fruit body is widened (elephant ear mushrooms) feels a bit chewy or tough so it is less desirable because it should be sliced into small pieces when it will be cooked. Mushroom in addition to food ingredients also transform and treatment. To reduce the heat in, reducing pain in the skin due to burns.

Nutritional mushroom consists moisture 89.1, protein 4.2, fat 8.3, 82.8 total carbohydrates, dietary fiber 19.8, ash 4.7 and the energy value of 351. Mushroom is heated, the mucus produced by the community and physician treatment has efficacy:

• breeder / spectators active poison in the form of vegetable poisons, toxic pesticide residues, bakhan to form toxic heavy metals. Almost all Chinese herbs, oyster mushrooms are being added for the purpose of off-borne toxins in food.

• The content of the compound in the mushroom slime, effective to inhibit the growth of carcinoma and sarcoma (cancer) to 80 - 90%. Also serves to inhibit the anticoagulant even blood clots.

• Mucus can mushroom meghambat and prevent blood clots

Mushroom benefits for the treatment of diseases such as:

• High blood pressure / blood vessel hardening caused by blood clots: 3 grams of dried mushroom, soak overnight and discard the water to stay wet mushrooms, place in a basket, add water dikusus until soft, add rock sugar to taste to taste eaten once a day.

• Less blood to cook mushroom 30 grams, plus 30 grams of fruit and dates, plus clean water to drink 5 cups cooked until the remaining 1 cup. It can also be applied to treat hemorrhoid pain remedy / ambeian.

• Coming months are not smooth and facilitate defecation. Mushroom cooked with other ingredients such as vegetables.

Future Harvest Ear Mushrooms

Cultivation of plant origin with logs of wood sawdust about 3 months until harvest, while the log you can plant origin stem more than 5 months, but the results of the log you are likely favored at higher prices. Planting to harvest log-shaped bag lplastik can reach 1-2 months continuously with time intergval 1-2 weeks to all parts of the log growing mushrooms grown. While the harvest for wood logs are generally more than 4 months will be visible, and this growth will continue to take up to 3-4 months if the plant and place logs maintained properly regulated.

Marketing Aspects Ear Mushrooms

Both in the fresh state (generally the harvest of nature) or in the dry state (cultivated) mushroom prices are more expensive when compared with the price of other fungi such as oyster or straw. Mushroom type most widely sold within the store or shinshe Chinese boat which has the form of small or thin-bodied fruit in the dry state, primarily from Taiwan or mainland China called Mouleh.

In general, the share of the world market, mushroom ranks quite low as well as button mushrooms, shiitake mushrooms, mushroom and so on. In Asias market share, particularly in the area of China, Hong Kong, Singapore, Malaysia, etc. where many ethnic Chinese population reside, mushroom market share is very high, especially in dry form.
Even in Indonesia, with a population of Chinese origin enough, mushroom needs still to be imported from the PRC, Thailand, Vietnam and so on in a dry form. As well as the fresh, in general, is still a natural product at the beginning of the rainy season or early dry season, because the season, many mushroom found growing on dry tree trunk in the forest.

Rabu, 13 November 2013

Resep Pepes Tahu Jamur Lezat

Masakan Pepes sudah dikenal masyarakat Indonesia sejak ratusan tahun yang lalu. Cara Memasak dengan cara di pepes merupakan salah satu cara memasak yang sehat karena tidak menggunakan bahan minyak dan bebas kolesterol. Selain itu mengenai rasanya juga tak kalah lezat dengan masakan yang digoreng.

Nah bagi anda penggemar masakan pepes, resep pepes tahu jamur lezat kali ini bisa anda coba praktekan di rumah. Olahan tahu dan jamur merang dengan beberapa bahan pendukungnya akan memberikan sensasi rasa nikmat lezat dan begitu istimewa. Sangat cocok disajikan sebagai menu spesial keluarga.

Bahan-bahan

Jamur merang, 100gr (iris-iris halus lalu tumis sebentar)
tahu cina, 275gr (haluskan)
tomat, 1 butir (buang bijinya kemudian potong kecil-kecil)
santan 50ml dr seperempat butir kelapa
kemangi, 5 tangkai (petiki daunnya)
5 helai daun salam, (potong dua bagian)
2 buah telur
3 btng serai, (ambil putihnya lalu potong-potong)
Daun pisang secukupnya untuk membungkus

Bumbu Halus

2 biji bawang putih
6 biji bawang merah
3 cabe merah keriting
1 sdt ketumbar, sangrai
1/2 sdt gula pasir
1 sdt garam

Cara Membuat Pepes Tahu Jamur

Pertama-tama campurkan bumbu halus, jamur merang, tahu cinta, telur, tomat, daun kemangi dan santan. Aduk-aduk hingga rata.
Siapkan selembar daun pisang. Sesuaikan ukuran daun pisang, masukan beberapa sendok campuran bahan-bahan tadi. Tambahkan juga dengan serai dan daun salam. Bungkus pepes, semat kedua ujung dengan lidi.
Setelah itu, kukus selama kurang lebih 30 menit hingga matang dalam api sedang. Lalu bakar hingga harum.
Pepes tahu jamur siap disajikan.

Bagaimana mudah bukan?

Demikian Resep Pepes Tahu Jamur Lezat.
Selamat mencoba.